Just type ‘uptime’ and you’re done:
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uptime |
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02:36:14 up 28 days, 19:35, 1 user, load average: 0.32, 0.21, 0.23 |
How to check the uptime of a Linux server
April 23, 2016 by Leave a Comment
Install LambdaMOO 1.8.1 server with LambdaCore database on Ubuntu 12
April 17, 2016 by Leave a Comment
Download the LambdaMOO server into your home folder using ‘wget’:
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cd ~ wget http://lambda.moo.mud.org/pub/MOO/LambdaMOO-latest.tar.gz |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 |
--2016-04-23 19:28:15-- http://lambda.moo.mud.org/pub/MOO/LambdaMOO-latest.tar.gz Resolving lambda.moo.mud.org (lambda.moo.mud.org)... 209.181.94.35 Connecting to lambda.moo.mud.org (lambda.moo.mud.org)|209.181.94.35|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 363803 (355K) [application/x-gzip] Saving to: `LambdaMOO-latest.tar.gz' 100%[===================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 363,803 198K/s in 1.8s 2016-04-23 19:28:18 (198 KB/s) - `LambdaMOO-latest.tar.gz' saved [363803/363803] |
Extract the LambdaMOO .tar.gz archive:
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1 2 3 |
tar -zxvf LambdaMOO-latest.tar.gz |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 |
MOO-1.8.1/ MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/ MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/Makefile MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/README MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/boolarray.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/boolarray.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/getopt.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/gperf-to-do MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/hashtable.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/hashtable.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/iterator.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/iterator.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/keylist.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/keylist.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/listnode.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/listnode.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/main.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/mon.out MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/options.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/options.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/perfect.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/perfect.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/prototype.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/readline.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/readline.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/stderr.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/stderr.h MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/version.c MOO-1.8.1/pgperf/xmalloc.c MOO-1.8.1/.cvsignore MOO-1.8.1/.indent.pro MOO-1.8.1/AddingNewMOOTypes.txt MOO-1.8.1/ChangeLog.txt MOO-1.8.1/MOOCodeSequences.txt MOO-1.8.1/Makefile.in MOO-1.8.1/Minimal.db MOO-1.8.1/README MOO-1.8.1/README.Minimal MOO-1.8.1/README.rX MOO-1.8.1/aclocal.m4 MOO-1.8.1/ast.c MOO-1.8.1/ast.h MOO-1.8.1/bf_register.h MOO-1.8.1/client_bsd.c MOO-1.8.1/client_sysv.c MOO-1.8.1/code_gen.c MOO-1.8.1/code_gen.h MOO-1.8.1/config.h.in MOO-1.8.1/configure MOO-1.8.1/configure.in MOO-1.8.1/db.h MOO-1.8.1/db_file.c MOO-1.8.1/db_io.c MOO-1.8.1/db_io.h MOO-1.8.1/db_objects.c MOO-1.8.1/db_private.h MOO-1.8.1/db_properties.c MOO-1.8.1/db_tune.h MOO-1.8.1/db_verbs.c MOO-1.8.1/decompile.c MOO-1.8.1/decompile.h MOO-1.8.1/disassemble.c MOO-1.8.1/disassemble.h MOO-1.8.1/eval_env.c MOO-1.8.1/eval_env.h MOO-1.8.1/eval_vm.c MOO-1.8.1/eval_vm.h MOO-1.8.1/exceptions.c MOO-1.8.1/exceptions.h MOO-1.8.1/execute.c MOO-1.8.1/execute.h MOO-1.8.1/extensions.c MOO-1.8.1/functions.c MOO-1.8.1/functions.h MOO-1.8.1/getpagesize.h MOO-1.8.1/gnu-malloc.c MOO-1.8.1/keywords.c MOO-1.8.1/keywords.gperf MOO-1.8.1/keywords.h MOO-1.8.1/list.c MOO-1.8.1/list.h MOO-1.8.1/log.c MOO-1.8.1/log.h MOO-1.8.1/malloc.c MOO-1.8.1/match.c MOO-1.8.1/match.h MOO-1.8.1/md5.c MOO-1.8.1/md5.h MOO-1.8.1/my-ctype.h MOO-1.8.1/my-fcntl.h MOO-1.8.1/my-in.h MOO-1.8.1/my-inet.h MOO-1.8.1/my-ioctl.h MOO-1.8.1/my-math.h MOO-1.8.1/my-poll.h MOO-1.8.1/my-signal.h MOO-1.8.1/my-socket.h MOO-1.8.1/my-stat.h MOO-1.8.1/my-stdarg.h MOO-1.8.1/my-stdio.h MOO-1.8.1/my-stdlib.h MOO-1.8.1/my-string.h MOO-1.8.1/my-stropts.h MOO-1.8.1/my-sys-time.h MOO-1.8.1/my-time.h MOO-1.8.1/my-tiuser.h MOO-1.8.1/my-types.h MOO-1.8.1/my-unistd.h MOO-1.8.1/my-wait.h MOO-1.8.1/name_lookup.c MOO-1.8.1/name_lookup.h MOO-1.8.1/net_bsd_lcl.c MOO-1.8.1/net_bsd_tcp.c MOO-1.8.1/net_mp_fake.c MOO-1.8.1/net_mp_poll.c MOO-1.8.1/net_mp_selct.c MOO-1.8.1/net_mplex.c MOO-1.8.1/net_mplex.h MOO-1.8.1/net_multi.c MOO-1.8.1/net_multi.h MOO-1.8.1/net_proto.c MOO-1.8.1/net_proto.h MOO-1.8.1/net_single.c MOO-1.8.1/net_sysv_lcl.c MOO-1.8.1/net_sysv_tcp.c MOO-1.8.1/network.c MOO-1.8.1/network.h MOO-1.8.1/numbers.c MOO-1.8.1/numbers.h MOO-1.8.1/objects.c MOO-1.8.1/opcode.h MOO-1.8.1/options.h MOO-1.8.1/parse_cmd.c MOO-1.8.1/parse_cmd.h MOO-1.8.1/parser.h MOO-1.8.1/parser.y MOO-1.8.1/pattern.c MOO-1.8.1/pattern.h MOO-1.8.1/program.c MOO-1.8.1/program.h MOO-1.8.1/property.c MOO-1.8.1/quota.c MOO-1.8.1/quota.h MOO-1.8.1/random.h MOO-1.8.1/ref_count.c MOO-1.8.1/ref_count.h MOO-1.8.1/regexpr.c MOO-1.8.1/regexpr.h MOO-1.8.1/restart MOO-1.8.1/restart.sh MOO-1.8.1/server.c MOO-1.8.1/server.h MOO-1.8.1/storage.c MOO-1.8.1/storage.h MOO-1.8.1/str_intern.c MOO-1.8.1/str_intern.h MOO-1.8.1/streams.c MOO-1.8.1/streams.h MOO-1.8.1/structures.h MOO-1.8.1/sym_table.c MOO-1.8.1/sym_table.h MOO-1.8.1/tasks.c MOO-1.8.1/tasks.h MOO-1.8.1/timers.c MOO-1.8.1/timers.h MOO-1.8.1/tokens.h MOO-1.8.1/unparse.c MOO-1.8.1/unparse.h MOO-1.8.1/utils.c MOO-1.8.1/utils.h MOO-1.8.1/verbs.c MOO-1.8.1/verbs.h MOO-1.8.1/version.c MOO-1.8.1/version.h |
Change directory & run the configure script:
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cd MOO-1.8.1 |
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./configure |
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checking for bison checking for byacc checking for gcc checking how to run the C preprocessor checking whether -traditional is needed checking how to run the C preprocessor checking for NeXT checking for the DEC Alpha running OSF/1 checking for the SGI compiler checking for AIX checking for POSIXized ISC checking for minix/config.h checking for -lintl checking for A/UX checking for HP/UX checking that the C compiler handles important ANSI C constructs checking for a working const keyword checking how to run the C preprocessor checking whether stdlib.h declares malloc and friends checking for sys/bsdtypes.h checking for sys/select.h checking for memory.h checking for pid_t in sys/types.h checking for mode_t in sys/types.h checking for size_t in sys/types.h checking for struct tm in time.h checking for tm_zone in struct tm checking for sqrt checking for sqrt checking for mkfifo checking for waitpid checking for sigemptyset checking for accept checking for t_open checking for t_open checking for t_open checking for crypt checking for crypt checking for unistd.h checking for sys/cdefs.h checking for stdlib.h checking for tiuser.h checking for machine/endian.h checking for remove checking for rename checking for poll checking for select checking for strerror checking for strftime checking for strtoul checking for matherr checking for random checking for lrand48 checking for wait3 checking for wait2 checking for sigsetmask checking for sigprocmask checking for sigrelse checking whether tolower is declared in ctype.h checking whether fcntl is declared in fcntl.h checking whether htonl is declared in netinet/in.h checking whether ioctl is declared in sys/ioctl.h checking whether poll is declared in poll.h checking whether kill is declared in signal.h checking whether sigemptyset is declared in signal.h checking whether sigprocmask is declared in signal.h checking whether sigrelse is declared in signal.h checking whether accept is declared in sys/socket.h checking whether bind is declared in sys/socket.h checking whether shutdown is declared in sys/socket.h checking whether fstat is declared in sys/stat.h checking whether fclose is declared in stdio.h checking whether perror is declared in stdio.h checking whether remove is declared in stdio.h checking whether vfprintf is declared in stdio.h checking whether random is declared in stdlib.h checking whether srandom is declared in stdlib.h checking whether strtod is declared in stdlib.h checking whether strtol is declared in stdlib.h checking whether strtoul is declared in stdlib.h checking whether bzero is declared in string.h checking whether memcpy is declared in string.h checking whether memset is declared in string.h checking whether strerror is declared in string.h checking for bzero being declared in stdlib.h checking whether getitimer is declared in sys/time.h checking whether setitimer is declared in sys/time.h checking whether select is declared in sys/time.h checking whether strftime is declared in time.h checking whether time is declared in time.h checking whether tzname is declared in time.h checking whether t_open is declared in tiuser.h checking whether t_errlist is declared in tiuser.h checking whether fork is declared in unistd.h checking whether waitpid is declared in sys/wait.h checking for self-sufficiency of arpa/inet.h checking for self-sufficiency of signal.h checking for self-sufficiency of sys/socket.h checking for self-sufficiency of sys/stat.h checking for self-sufficiency of time.h checking for string.h declaring some functions incorrectly checking for incompatibility between <sys/ioctl.h> and <stropts.h> checking whether or not fstat() can tell how much data is in a FIFO checking whether or not select() can be used on FIFOs checking whether or not poll() can be used on FIFOs checking whether POSIX-style non-blocking I/O works checking which MOO networking configurations are likely to work... checking for sys/socket.h checking for telnet ---------------------------------------------------------------------- | The following networking configurations will probably work on your | system; any configuration *not* listed here almost certainly will | *not* work on your system: | | NP_SINGLE NS_BSD/NP_LOCAL NS_BSD/NP_TCP NS_SYSV/NP_LOCAL ---------------------------------------------------------------------- creating config.status creating Makefile creating config.h |
You may have to install yacc before the next step:
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sudo apt-get install byacc |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 |
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed byacc 0 to upgrade, 1 to newly install, 0 to remove and 0 not to upgrade. Need to get 50.8 kB of archives. After this operation, 145 kB of additional disk space will be used. Get:1 http://gb.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe byacc amd64 20110908-1 [50.8 kB] Fetched 50.8 kB in 0s (766 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package byacc. (Reading database ... 76742 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking byacc (from .../byacc_20110908-1_amd64.deb) ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up byacc (20110908-1) ... update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/byacc to provide /usr/bin/yacc (yacc) in auto mode. |
Compile the server:
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make |
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 |
gcc -g -O -c -o ast.o ast.c gcc -g -O -c -o code_gen.o code_gen.c gcc -g -O -c -o db_file.o db_file.c gcc -g -O -c -o db_io.o db_io.c db_io.c: In function ‘dbio_read_string’: db_io.c:178:11: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strlen’ [enabled by default] db_io.c:177:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] db_io.c: In function ‘dbio_read_float’: db_io.c:152:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] db_io.c: In function ‘dbio_read_num’: db_io.c:137:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] db_io.c: In function ‘dbio_read_line’: db_io.c:56:10: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] gcc -g -O -c -o db_objects.o db_objects.c db_objects.c: In function ‘db_object_bytes’: db_objects.c:292:14: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strlen’ [enabled by default] gcc -g -O -c -o db_properties.o db_properties.c gcc -g -O -c -o db_verbs.o db_verbs.c gcc -g -O -c -o decompile.o decompile.c gcc -g -O -c -o disassemble.o disassemble.c gcc -g -O -c -o eval_env.o eval_env.c gcc -g -O -c -o eval_vm.o eval_vm.c gcc -g -O -c -o exceptions.o exceptions.c gcc -g -O -c -o execute.o execute.c gcc -g -O -c -o extensions.o extensions.c gcc -g -O -c -o functions.o functions.c yacc -d parser.y mv -f y.tab.c parser.c gcc -g -O -c -o parser.o parser.c touch y.tab.h gcc -g -O -c -o keywords.o keywords.c gcc -g -O -c -o list.o list.c gcc -g -O -c -o log.o log.c gcc -g -O -c -o malloc.o malloc.c gcc -g -O -c -o match.o match.c gcc -g -O -c -o md5.o md5.c gcc -g -O -c -o name_lookup.o name_lookup.c name_lookup.c: In function ‘spawn_pipe’: name_lookup.c:99:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c: In function ‘intermediary’: name_lookup.c:258:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c:260:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c:266:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c:280:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c:282:12: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c:287:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c: In function ‘lookup’: name_lookup.c:187:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c:193:8: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c:205:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] name_lookup.c:206:11: warning: ignoring return value of ‘write’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] touch net_single.o touch net_multi.o gcc -g -O -c -o network.o network.c touch net_mp_selct.o touch net_mp_poll.o touch net_mp_fake.o gcc -g -O -c -o net_mplex.o net_mplex.c touch net_bsd_tcp.o touch net_bsd_lcl.o touch net_sysv_tcp.o touch net_sysv_lcl.o gcc -g -O -c -o net_proto.o net_proto.c gcc -g -O -c -o numbers.o numbers.c gcc -g -O -c -o objects.o objects.c gcc -g -O -c -o parse_cmd.o parse_cmd.c gcc -g -O -c -o pattern.o pattern.c gcc -g -O -c -o program.o program.c program.c: In function ‘program_bytes’: program.c:81:11: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strlen’ [enabled by default] gcc -g -O -c -o property.o property.c gcc -g -O -c -o quota.o quota.c gcc -g -O -c -o ref_count.o ref_count.c gcc -g -O -c -o regexpr.o regexpr.c gcc -g -O -c -o server.o server.c server.c: In function ‘read_stdin_line’: server.c:609:7: warning: ignoring return value of ‘fgets’, declared with attribute warn_unused_result [-Wunused-result] gcc -g -O -c -o storage.o storage.c storage.c: In function ‘str_dup’: storage.c:111:24: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strlen’ [enabled by default] storage.c:112:2: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strcpy’ [enabled by default] gcc -g -O -c -o streams.o streams.c gcc -g -O -c -o str_intern.o str_intern.c str_intern.c: In function ‘str_intern’: str_intern.c:244:31: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function ‘strlen’ [enabled by default] gcc -g -O -c -o sym_table.o sym_table.c gcc -g -O -c -o tasks.o tasks.c gcc -g -O -c -o timers.o timers.c gcc -g -O -c -o unparse.o unparse.c gcc -g -O -c -o utils.o utils.c gcc -g -O -c -o verbs.o verbs.c gcc -g -O -c -o version.o version.c gcc -g -O ast.o code_gen.o db_file.o db_io.o db_objects.o db_properties.o db_verbs.o decompile.o disassemble.o eval_env.o eval_vm.o exceptions.o execute.o extensions.o functions.o keywords.o list.o log.o malloc.o match.o md5.o name_lookup.o network.o net_mplex.o net_proto.o numbers.o objects.o parse_cmd.o pattern.o program.o property.o quota.o ref_count.o regexpr.o server.o storage.o streams.o str_intern.o sym_table.o tasks.o timers.o unparse.o utils.o verbs.o version.o parser.o -lm -lcrypt -o moo rm parser.c |
Download the LambdaCore database:
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wget http://lambda.moo.mud.org/pub/MOO/LambdaCore-latest.db.gz |
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--2016-04-23 19:33:25-- http://lambda.moo.mud.org/pub/MOO/LambdaCore-latest.db.gz Resolving lambda.moo.mud.org (lambda.moo.mud.org)... 209.181.94.35 Connecting to lambda.moo.mud.org (lambda.moo.mud.org)|209.181.94.35|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 656863 (641K) [application/x-gzip] Saving to: `LambdaCore-latest.db.gz' 100%[===================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 656,863 218K/s in 2.9s 2016-04-23 19:33:30 (218 KB/s) - `LambdaCore-latest.db.gz' saved [656863/656863] |
Extract the LamdaCore database:
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gzip -d LambdaCore-latest.db.gz |
That’s it, now you should be able to start up the MOO:
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./moo LambdaCore-latest.db new.db 7777 & |
The & is used to run it in the background so you don’t need to keep the window open.
Output:
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 |
Apr 23 19:50:14: STARTING: Version 1.8.1 of the LambdaMOO server Apr 23 19:50:14: (Using BSD/TCP protocol) Apr 23 19:50:14: (Task timeouts measured in server CPU seconds.) Apr 23 19:50:14: NAME_LOOKUP: Started new lookup process Apr 23 19:50:14: LOADING: LambdaCore-latest.db Apr 23 19:50:14: LOADING: Reading 97 objects... Apr 23 19:50:14: LOADING: Done reading 97 objects ... Apr 23 19:50:14: VALIDATING the object hierarchies ... Apr 23 19:50:14: VALIDATE: Phase 1: Check for invalid objects ... Apr 23 19:50:14: VALIDATE: Phase 2: Check for cycles ... Apr 23 19:50:14: VALIDATE: Phase 3: Check for inconsistencies ... Apr 23 19:50:14: VALIDATING the object hierarchies ... finished. Apr 23 19:50:14: LOADING: Reading 1727 MOO verb programs... Apr 23 19:50:14: LOADING: Done reading 1727 verb programs... Apr 23 19:50:14: LOADING: Reading forked and suspended tasks... Apr 23 19:50:14: LOADING: Reading list of formerly active connections... Apr 23 19:50:14: LOADING: LambdaCore-latest.db done, will dump new database on new.db Apr 23 19:50:14: INTERN: 21786 allocations saved, 165665 bytes Apr 23 19:50:14: INTERN: at end, 53503 entries in a 80056 bucket hash table. Apr 23 19:50:14: Loaded protect cache for 128 builtins Apr 23 19:50:14: LISTEN: #0 now listening on port 7777 |
To test it, just telnet to the port you specified above:
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telnet localhost 7777 |
Output:
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Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. Apr 23 19:56:56: ACCEPT: #-2 on port 7777 from localhost, port 58453 Welcome to the LambdaCore database. Type 'connect wizard' to log in. You will probably want to change this text and the output of the `help' command, which are stored in $login.welcome_message and $login.help_message, respectively. |
LINKS:
Download LambdaMOO-latest.tar.gz (server)
Download LambdaCore (database)
And be sure to visit Lisdude’s MOO Resources page:
Using ‘Mixed In Key 7’ to perform automatic key detection on MP3s
April 17, 2016 by Leave a Comment
Post is coming soon… in the meantime:
Key Detection Software Comparison< (2015 Edition)/a> @ DjTechTools.com
Harmonic track mixing for DJs using Camelot wheel chart
April 17, 2016 by Leave a Comment
Coming soon.
‘Maintenance Mode’ plugin for WordPress
April 17, 2016 by Leave a Comment
Coming soon.
This plugin works great, lets you display maintenance page by user role (e.g., no maintenance page for admins/authors) and allows you to use a static HTML page.
Download Under Construction/Maintenance Mode plugin by Acurax.
Extract a .tar.gz archive to a specific location in Ubuntu 12.04
April 12, 2016 by Leave a Comment
To extract .tar.gz:
Usage: tar -zxvf <filename>
Usage: tar -zxvf <filename> -C <folder>
- -z : filter the archive through gzip
- -x : extract files from an archive
- -v : verbosely list files processed
- -f filename : use archive file or device ARCHIVE
Examples:
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tar -zxvf archive.tar.gz |
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tar -zxvf archive.tar.gz /home/james/subfolder |
Or, to do the opposite (create .tar.gz archive from a folder):
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tar -zcvf archive.tar.gz /home/jamesc/subfolder |
- -z : filter the archive through gzip
- -c : create a new archive
- -v : verbosely list files processed
- -f filename : use archive file or device ARCHIVE
To exclude specific filetypes from either of the above, you can use –exclude … the following example excludes all .mp3 and .tar.gz files:
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tar -zcvf ./dnbnoize2.tar.gz /var/www/html/dnbnoize.com --exclude=*.mp3 --exclude=*.tar.gz |
Example to create a .tar (non .gz) file in the current folder named test.tar, archiving the folder /home/jamesc/test
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# tar -cvf test.tar /home/jamesc/test /home/jamesc/test/ /home/jamesc/test/dnb.m3u /home/jamesc/test/ezstreamtasks.txt /home/jamesc/test/icecast-2.4.1.tar.gz |
Tar usage (output of “tar –help”)
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Usage: tar [OPTION...] [FILE]... GNU `tar' saves many files together into a single tape or disk archive, and can restore individual files from the archive. Examples: tar -cf archive.tar foo bar # Create archive.tar from files foo and bar. tar -tvf archive.tar # List all files in archive.tar verbosely. tar -xf archive.tar # Extract all files from archive.tar. Main operation mode: -A, --catenate, --concatenate append tar files to an archive -c, --create create a new archive -d, --diff, --compare find differences between archive and file system --delete delete from the archive (not on mag tapes!) -r, --append append files to the end of an archive -t, --list list the contents of an archive --test-label test the archive volume label and exit -u, --update only append files newer than copy in archive -x, --extract, --get extract files from an archive Operation modifiers: --check-device check device numbers when creating incremental archives (default) -g, --listed-incremental=FILE handle new GNU-format incremental backup -G, --incremental handle old GNU-format incremental backup --ignore-failed-read do not exit with nonzero on unreadable files --level=NUMBER dump level for created listed-incremental archive -n, --seek archive is seekable --no-check-device do not check device numbers when creating incremental archives --no-seek archive is not seekable --occurrence[=NUMBER] process only the NUMBERth occurrence of each file in the archive; this option is valid only in conjunction with one of the subcommands --delete, --diff, --extract or --list and when a list of files is given either on the command line or via the -T option; NUMBER defaults to 1 --sparse-version=MAJOR[.MINOR] set version of the sparse format to use (implies --sparse) -S, --sparse handle sparse files efficiently Overwrite control: -k, --keep-old-files don't replace existing files when extracting --keep-newer-files don't replace existing files that are newer than their archive copies --no-overwrite-dir preserve metadata of existing directories --overwrite overwrite existing files when extracting --overwrite-dir overwrite metadata of existing directories when extracting (default) --recursive-unlink empty hierarchies prior to extracting directory --remove-files remove files after adding them to the archive -U, --unlink-first remove each file prior to extracting over it -W, --verify attempt to verify the archive after writing it Select output stream: --ignore-command-error ignore exit codes of children --no-ignore-command-error treat non-zero exit codes of children as error -O, --to-stdout extract files to standard output --to-command=COMMAND pipe extracted files to another program Handling of file attributes: --atime-preserve[=METHOD] preserve access times on dumped files, either by restoring the times after reading (METHOD='replace'; default) or by not setting the times in the first place (METHOD='system') --delay-directory-restore delay setting modification times and permissions of extracted directories until the end of extraction --group=NAME force NAME as group for added files --mode=CHANGES force (symbolic) mode CHANGES for added files --mtime=DATE-OR-FILE set mtime for added files from DATE-OR-FILE -m, --touch don't extract file modified time --no-delay-directory-restore cancel the effect of --delay-directory-restore option --no-same-owner extract files as yourself (default for ordinary users) --no-same-permissions apply the user's umask when extracting permissions from the archive (default for ordinary users) --numeric-owner always use numbers for user/group names --owner=NAME force NAME as owner for added files -p, --preserve-permissions, --same-permissions extract information about file permissions (default for superuser) --preserve same as both -p and -s --same-owner try extracting files with the same ownership as exists in the archive (default for superuser) -s, --preserve-order, --same-order sort names to extract to match archive Device selection and switching: -f, --file=ARCHIVE use archive file or device ARCHIVE --force-local archive file is local even if it has a colon -F, --info-script=NAME, --new-volume-script=NAME run script at end of each tape (implies -M) -L, --tape-length=NUMBER change tape after writing NUMBER x 1024 bytes -M, --multi-volume create/list/extract multi-volume archive --rmt-command=COMMAND use given rmt COMMAND instead of rmt --rsh-command=COMMAND use remote COMMAND instead of rsh --volno-file=FILE use/update the volume number in FILE Device blocking: -b, --blocking-factor=BLOCKS BLOCKS x 512 bytes per record -B, --read-full-records reblock as we read (for 4.2BSD pipes) -i, --ignore-zeros ignore zeroed blocks in archive (means EOF) --record-size=NUMBER NUMBER of bytes per record, multiple of 512 Archive format selection: -H, --format=FORMAT create archive of the given format FORMAT is one of the following: gnu GNU tar 1.13.x format oldgnu GNU format as per tar <= 1.12 pax POSIX 1003.1-2001 (pax) format posix same as pax ustar POSIX 1003.1-1988 (ustar) format v7 old V7 tar format --old-archive, --portability same as --format=v7 --pax-option=keyword[[:]=value][,keyword[[:]=value]]... control pax keywords --posix same as --format=posix -V, --label=TEXT create archive with volume name TEXT; at list/extract time, use TEXT as a globbing pattern for volume name Compression options: -a, --auto-compress use archive suffix to determine the compression program -I, --use-compress-program=PROG filter through PROG (must accept -d) -j, --bzip2 filter the archive through bzip2 -J, --xz filter the archive through xz --lzip filter the archive through lzip --lzma filter the archive through xz --lzop --no-auto-compress do not use archive suffix to determine the compression program -z, --gzip, --gunzip, --ungzip filter the archive through gzip -Z, --compress, --uncompress filter the archive through compress Local file selection: --add-file=FILE add given FILE to the archive (useful if its name starts with a dash) --backup[=CONTROL] backup before removal, choose version CONTROL -C, --directory=DIR change to directory DIR --exclude=PATTERN exclude files, given as a PATTERN --exclude-backups exclude backup and lock files --exclude-caches exclude contents of directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG, except for the tag file itself --exclude-caches-all exclude directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG --exclude-caches-under exclude everything under directories containing CACHEDIR.TAG --exclude-tag=FILE exclude contents of directories containing FILE, except for FILE itself --exclude-tag-all=FILE exclude directories containing FILE --exclude-tag-under=FILE exclude everything under directories containing FILE --exclude-vcs exclude version control system directories -h, --dereference follow symlinks; archive and dump the files they point to --hard-dereference follow hard links; archive and dump the files they refer to -K, --starting-file=MEMBER-NAME begin at member MEMBER-NAME in the archive --newer-mtime=DATE compare date and time when data changed only --no-null disable the effect of the previous --null option --no-recursion avoid descending automatically in directories --no-unquote do not unquote filenames read with -T --null -T reads null-terminated names, disable -C -N, --newer=DATE-OR-FILE, --after-date=DATE-OR-FILE only store files newer than DATE-OR-FILE --one-file-system stay in local file system when creating archive -P, --absolute-names don't strip leading `/'s from file names --recursion recurse into directories (default) --suffix=STRING backup before removal, override usual suffix ('~' unless overridden by environment variable SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX) -T, --files-from=FILE get names to extract or create from FILE --unquote unquote filenames read with -T (default) -X, --exclude-from=FILE exclude patterns listed in FILE File name transformations: --strip-components=NUMBER strip NUMBER leading components from file names on extraction --transform=EXPRESSION, --xform=EXPRESSION use sed replace EXPRESSION to transform file names File name matching options (affect both exclude and include patterns): --anchored patterns match file name start --ignore-case ignore case --no-anchored patterns match after any `/' (default for exclusion) --no-ignore-case case-sensitive matching (default) --no-wildcards verbatim string matching --no-wildcards-match-slash wildcards do not match `/' --wildcards use wildcards (default for exclusion) --wildcards-match-slash wildcards match `/' (default for exclusion) Informative output: --checkpoint[=NUMBER] display progress messages every NUMBERth record (default 10) --checkpoint-action=ACTION execute ACTION on each checkpoint --full-time print file time to its full resolution --index-file=FILE send verbose output to FILE -l, --check-links print a message if not all links are dumped --no-quote-chars=STRING disable quoting for characters from STRING --quote-chars=STRING additionally quote characters from STRING --quoting-style=STYLE set name quoting style; see below for valid STYLE values -R, --block-number show block number within archive with each message --show-defaults show tar defaults --show-omitted-dirs when listing or extracting, list each directory that does not match search criteria --show-transformed-names, --show-stored-names show file or archive names after transformation --totals[=SIGNAL] print total bytes after processing the archive; with an argument - print total bytes when this SIGNAL is delivered; Allowed signals are: SIGHUP, SIGQUIT, SIGINT, SIGUSR1 and SIGUSR2; the names without SIG prefix are also accepted --utc print file modification times in UTC -v, --verbose verbosely list files processed --warning=KEYWORD warning control -w, --interactive, --confirmation ask for confirmation for every action Compatibility options: -o when creating, same as --old-archive; when extracting, same as --no-same-owner Other options: -?, --help give this help list --restrict disable use of some potentially harmful options --usage give a short usage message --version print program version Mandatory or optional arguments to long options are also mandatory or optional for any corresponding short options. The backup suffix is `~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The version control may be set with --backup or VERSION_CONTROL, values are: none, off never make backups t, numbered make numbered backups nil, existing numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise never, simple always make simple backups Valid arguments for the --quoting-style option are: literal shell shell-always c c-maybe escape locale clocale *This* tar defaults to: --format=gnu -f- -b20 --quoting-style=escape --rmt-command=/usr/sbin/rmt --rsh-command=/usr/bin/rsh |
Using MP3gain to losslessly adjust volume of tracks without re-encoding files
April 12, 2016 by Leave a Comment
MP3gain doesn’t just normalize an MP3, it analyses it using the Replay Gain algorithm to determine how loud the file actually sounds to the human ear… and quite well, too.
Instructions coming soon, in the meantime:
MP3gain website (SourceForge.net)
MP3gain downloads (SourceForge.net)
Reload config file for Icecast radio streaming server without dropping listeners
April 12, 2016 by Leave a Comment
Type:
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sudo killall -HUP icecast2 |
or, find the PID for your Icecast process using “ps aux” (example: 1234) and type:
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sudo kill -HUP 1234 |
While kill and killall do normally terminate tasks, in this instance they’re being used to send a “hangup signal” (-HUP) which forces Icecast to refesh the configuration file (usually /etc/icecast2/icecast.xml) without dropping any of the client connections. Pretty hard to understate the usefulness of this, especially on a production server.
How to switch to another user using sudo in Ubuntu 12.04 shell
April 12, 2016 by Leave a Comment
Usage: sudo -u <username> <shell>
Assuming your account has root/sudo permissions:
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sudo -u username bash |
You may have to type in your password (not the password of the account you’re switching to.)
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james@server:/$ sudo -u liquidsoap bash [sudo] password for james: liquidsoap@server:/$ |
Just type “exit” to get back to your original session:
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liquidsoap@dnbnoize:/$ exit exit james@server:/$ |